Credit risk
CRA: General qualitative information
For information on credit risk management, please refer to Section 3 ‘Risk management’ of the consolidated notes to the 2025 Annual Report.
CR1: Credit quality of assets
a | b | c | g | |||||||
Gross carrying values of | ||||||||||
Amounts in millions Swiss francs | defaulted exposures | non-defaulted exposures | value adjustments / provisions | Net values | ||||||
1 | Loans, excluding debt securities | 257.7 | 46,776.9 | 119.3 | 46,915.3 | |||||
2 | Debt securities | 3.0 | 2,319.6 | 2.3 | 2,320.4 | |||||
3 | Off-balance-sheet exposures | 28.3 | 18,767.5 | 1.8 | 18,793.9 | |||||
4 | Total | 289.0 | 67,863.9 | 123.4 | 68,029.6 | |||||
Defaulted exposures consist of impaired loans, non-performing loans and debt securities with a high default risk based on their rating.
CR2: Changes in stock of defaulted loans and debt securities
a | ||||
Amounts in millions Swiss francs | ||||
1 | Defaulted loans and debt securities at end of the previous reporting period (31.12.2024) | 197.2 | ||
2 | Loans and debt securities that have defaulted since the last reporting period | 109.1 | ||
3 | Returned to non-defaulted status | – 42.8 | ||
4 | Amounts partially or fully written off | – 5.8 | ||
5 | Other changes1) | 3.0 | ||
6 | Defaulted loans and debt securities at end of the reporting period (1 + 2 – 3 – 4 + 5) | 260.7 |
1)Amounts below the threshold are subject to the normal capital requirement.
Defaulted loans and debt securities account for 0.5 % of the total volume, with a significant proportion of these customers meeting their obligations. Exposures that have exited default status and redemptions of defaulted exposures have been offset by new exposures.
CRB: Additional disclosure related to the credit quality of assets
For additional disclosure on the credit quality of assets, please refer to Section 4 ‘Methods for identifying default risks and determining the need for value adjustments and provisions’ of the consolidated notes to the 2025 Annual Report.
Asset volume structure by industry (including impaired and overdue loans)
Amounts in millions Swiss francs | Central governments and Central banks | Insti- tutions1) | Banks | Enter- prises | Retail | Equity | Loans covered by real estate | Other exposures | Total | |||||||||
Balance sheet amounts | ||||||||||||||||||
Liquid assets | 7,731.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 66.7 | 7,797.9 | |||||||||
Amounts due from banks | 0.0 | 241.3 | 206.2 | 6.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 453.6 | |||||||||
Amounts due from clients | 28.8 | 546.7 | 542.0 | 3,289.2 | 494.4 | 0.0 | 533.2 | 0.1 | 5,434.4 | |||||||||
Mortgage loans | 0.0 | 1.7 | 37.7 | 272.7 | 359.0 | 0.0 | 40,246.6 | 0.0 | 40,917.7 | |||||||||
Trading activities | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |||||||||
Positive replacement values of derivative financial instruments | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |||||||||
Financial investments | 70.9 | 378.4 | 112.1 | 91.8 | 0.0 | 109.2 | 1,442.9 | 312.3 | 2,517.6 | |||||||||
Accrued income and prepaid expenses | 1.4 | 89.7 | – 13.5 | 17.3 | – 0.6 | 0.0 | 4.9 | 1.5 | 100.7 | |||||||||
Participations | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 24.2 | 0.0 | 4.1 | 28.3 | |||||||||
Tangible fixed assets | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 213.8 | 213.8 | |||||||||
Intangible assets | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |||||||||
Other assets | 0.0 | 0.0 | 23.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 23.1 | |||||||||
Total Balance sheet amounts | 7,832.4 | 1,257.8 | 907.6 | 3,677.1 | 852.8 | 133.4 | 42,227.6 | 598.4 | 57,487.2 | |||||||||
Non-performing loans2) | 0.03) | 0.0 | 1.5 | 7.1 | 0.9 | 0.0 | 2.2 | 0.0 | 11.7 | |||||||||
Impaired loans | 8.23) | 0.2 | 0.5 | 114.6 | 16.6 | 0.0 | 92.5 | 0.0 | 232.6 | |||||||||
Value adjustments of impaired exposures | 1.03) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 80.5 | 14.5 | 0.0 | 23.3 | 0.0 | 119.3 |
1)Public-sector entities, Bank for International Settlements (BIS), International Monetary Fund (IMF), multilateral development banks and community institutions
2)Non-impaired receivables overdue for more than 90 days
3)These concern COVID-19 loans.
The definitions of ‘overdue’ and ‘impaired’ as well as the methodology for identifying impaired loans are described in Section 3 ‘Risk management’ of the consolidated notes to the 2025 Annual Report and correspond to the regulatory terms. For loans that (a) are more than 90 days past due, (b) involve a debtor in liquidation or (c) are subject to agreed interest concessions below refinancing costs, collective (lump-sum) value adjustments are recognised for loan amounts up to 100,000 Swiss francs. Value adjustments are made for inherent default risks for larger loans where their collateral is fully recoverable or for non-impaired loans and contingent liabilities. LUKB does not apply a generally applicable definition of restructured loans. Characteristics of restructuring aimed at avoiding payment defaults include special interest rates (whereby loans bearing interest below the refinancing costs are considered non-performing loans), the deferral of interest and amortisation payments (exposures with interest and/or amortisation outstanding > 90 days are also considered non-performing loans) or the subordination of our loan.
Asset volume structure by maturity (including impaired and overdue loans)
Amounts in millions Swiss francs | At sight | Cancellable | Due within 3 Months | Due within 3 to 12 months | Due within 12 months to 5 years | Due after 5 years | No maturity | Total | ||||||||
Balance sheet amounts | ||||||||||||||||
Liquid assets | 7,728.8 | 69.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 7,797.9 | ||||||||
Amounts due from banks | 270.5 | 0.0 | 78.1 | 70.0 | 35.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 453.6 | ||||||||
Amounts due from clients | 37.4 | 640.3 | 1,978.6 | 848.8 | 1,553.7 | 375.7 | 0.0 | 5,434.4 | ||||||||
Mortgage loans | 0.1 | 1,564.0 | 4,458.1 | 5,906.1 | 22,053.3 | 6,936.0 | 0.0 | 40,917.7 | ||||||||
Trading activities | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||||||||
Positive replacement values of derivative financial instruments | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||||||||
Financial investments | 421.4 | 0.0 | 18.3 | 29.2 | 273.5 | 1,775.2 | 0.0 | 2,517.6 | ||||||||
Accrued income and prepaid expenses | 65.0 | 0.0 | 17.8 | 17.8 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.7 | ||||||||
Participations | 28.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 28.3 | ||||||||
Tangible fixed assets | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 213.8 | 213.8 | ||||||||
Intangible assets | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||||||||
Other assets | 23.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 23.1 | ||||||||
Total Balance sheet amounts | 8,574.8 | 2,273.4 | 6,550.9 | 6,871.9 | 23,915.6 | 9,087.0 | 213.8 | 57,487.2 | ||||||||
Non-performing loans2) | 11.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 11.7 | ||||||||
Impaired loans | 77.8 | 0.0 | 91.6 | 30.4 | 22.7 | 10.1 | 0.0 | 232.6 | ||||||||
Value adjustments of impaired exposures | 49.7 | 0.0 | 45.7 | 21.1 | 2.4 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 119.3 |
1)Non-impaired receivables overdue for more than 90 days
Volume structure of restructured exposures
Amounts in millions Swiss francs | Impaired exposures | Non-impaired exposures | Total | |||
Restructured exposures gross | 61.3 | 13.9 | 75.2 | |||
Value adjustments | – 31.0 | 0.0 | – 31.0 | |||
Restructured exposures net | 30.3 | 13.9 | 44.2 |
All exposures with lending transactions that are deemed to be defaulted and are managed by a dedicated team within the bank are deemed to be restructured. Individual value adjustments and provisions are also recognised for impaired default exposures.
CRC: Qualitative disclosure requirements related to credit risk mitigation techniques
The offsetting of loans and liabilities both on and off the balance sheet is explained in Section 2 ‘General valuation principles’ of the consolidated notes to the 2025 Annual Report. In addition, the positive and negative replacement values before taking into account the netting agreements are presented in Section 8.4 ‘Derivative financial instruments (assets and liabilities)’ of the consolidated notes to the 2025 Annual Report and Section 6.4 ‘Derivative financial instruments (assets and liabilities)’ of the parent company notes to the 2025 Annual Report.
If guarantees or sureties are accepted to mitigate credit risks, the guarantors and surety providers must be assessed in the same way as the borrowers and, where appropriate, are subject to the rating process.
Concentration risks are limited by maximum limits per credit exposure, depending on the collateral or the type of borrower. As at 31 December 2025, the highest proportion of collateral used by an issuer was 6 % of Tier 1 capital.
CR3: Credit risk mitigation techniques – overview
a | b1 | b | d | f | ||||||||
Amounts in millions Swiss francs | Unsecured exposures at book value | Secured exposures at book value | of which secured by collateral | of which secured by guarantees | of which secured by credit derivatives | |||||||
1 | Loans, excluding debt securities | 2,671.9 | 44,243.4 | 43,801.0 | 442.4 | 0.0 | ||||||
2 | Debt securities | 2,320.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||||||
3 | Total | 4,992.2 | 44,243.4 | 43,801.0 | 442.4 | 0.0 | ||||||
4 | of which defaulted | 8.5 | 113.0 | 105.4 | 7.7 | 0.0 |
CRD: Qualitative disclosures on banks' use of external credit ratings under the standardised approach for credit risk
External ratings from fedafin (restricted according to the FINMA list of ‘recognised rating agencies’), Moody's and Standard & Poor's are used to determine capital requirements. The ratings of Swiss Export Risk Insurance (SERV) are no longer used for the counterparty group ‘Central governments and central banks’.
CR4: Standardised approach – credit risk exposure and credit risk mitigation (CRM) effects
a | b | c | d | e | f | |||||||||
Exposures before CCF and CRM | Exposures post-CCF and CRM | |||||||||||||
Amounts in millions Swiss francs Asset class | On-balance- sheet amount | Off-balance- sheet amount | On-balance- sheet amount | Off-balance- sheet amount | RWA | RWA density | ||||||||
1 | Central governments, central banks and supranational organisations | 7,803.0 | 0.0 | 7,832.1 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.00 % | |||||||
2 | Public-sector entities | 904.7 | 603.3 | 1,257.6 | 62.6 | 410.9 | 31.13 % | |||||||
3 | Multilateral development banks | 83.3 | 0.0 | 83.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.00 % | |||||||
4 | Banks | 681.6 | 139.9 | 869.7 | 51.4 | 242.7 | 26.35 % | |||||||
of which: account-holding investment without a banking licence, but with equivalent regulation and supervision | 20.1 | 19.5 | 20.1 | 7.8 | 11.7 | 41.96 % | ||||||||
5 | Covered Bonds | 1,585.7 | 0.0 | 1,585.7 | 0.0 | 158.6 | 10.00 % | |||||||
of which: Swiss Pfandbriefe | 1,549.6 | 0.0 | 1,549.6 | 0.0 | 155.0 | 10.00 % | ||||||||
6 | Corporates | 3,554.6 | 5,826.1 | 2,537.1 | 830.2 | 2,949.3 | 87.59 % | |||||||
of which: non-account-holding investment firms and other financial institutions not included in row 4 | 1,472.5 | 1,972.6 | 1,131.0 | 225.8 | 1,193.8 | 87.99 % | ||||||||
7 | Subordinated debt and equity instruments | 133.4 | 0.0 | 133.4 | 0.0 | 253.4 | 190.00 % | |||||||
8 | Retail | 960.6 | 4,113.5 | 368.9 | 291.9 | 530.2 | 80.23 % | |||||||
9 | Directly and indirectly secured real estate exposures | 41,363.9 | 7,981.1 | 40,699.5 | 693.0 | 19,055.2 | 46.04 % | |||||||
of which: self-used residential real estate (GRRE) | 16,216.1 | 1,254.1 | 15,635.4 | 173.9 | 4,603.9 | 29.12 % | ||||||||
of which: residential real estate (IPRRE) | 18,371.6 | 3,908.4 | 18,312.3 | 343.9 | 8,790.3 | 47.12 % | ||||||||
of which: self-used commercial real estate (GCRE) | 2,437.2 | 555.4 | 2,434.8 | 61.9 | 1,811.7 | 72.56 % | ||||||||
of which: commercial real estate (IPCRE) | 4,339.0 | 2,263.2 | 4,317.0 | 113.3 | 3,849.2 | 86.89 % | ||||||||
of which: construction loans and land | 974.6 | 499.9 | 914.3 | 57.0 | 1,052.6 | 108.36 % | ||||||||
10 | Defaulted exposures | 137.4 | 28.3 | 127.6 | 6.6 | 169.2 | 126.06 % | |||||||
11 | Other exposures | 278.9 | 101.7 | 278.9 | 101.7 | 343.9 | 90.37 % | |||||||
12 | Total | 57,487.2 | 18,793.9 | 55,774.0 | 2,038.1 | 24,113.5 | 41.68 % | |||||||
CR5: Standardised approach – exposures by asset classes and risk weights
a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | |||||||||||||
Amounts in millions Swiss francs Asset class / risk weight | 0 % 10 % 15 % | 20 % 25 % | 30 % 35 % | 40 % 45 % 50 % 55 % | 60 % 70 % 75 % 80 % 85 % | 90 % 100 % 110 % 115 % | 130 % 150 % 250 % | 400 % | 1250 % | Total credit exposures amount (post- CCF / post-CRM) | ||||||||||||
1 | Central governments, central banks and supranational organisations | 7,832.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 7,832.6 | |||||||||||
2 | Public-sector entities | 0.0 | 830.6 | 0.0 | 489.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1,320.2 | |||||||||||
3 | Multilateral development banks | 83.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 83.3 | |||||||||||
4 | Banks | 206.1 | 396.1 | 101.3 | 0.2 | 217.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 921.2 | |||||||||||
of which: account-holding investment without a banking licence, but with equivalent regulation and supervision | 0.0 | 0.1 | 20.1 | 0.0 | 7.8 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 27.9 | ||||||||||||
5 | Covered Bonds | 1,585.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1,585.7 | |||||||||||
of which: Swiss Pfandbriefe | 1,549.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1,549.6 | ||||||||||||
6 | Corporates | 0.0 | 141.9 | 0.0 | 77.4 | 1,746.9 | 1,400.2 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3,367.4 | |||||||||||
of which: non-account-holding investment firms and other financial institutions not included in row 4 | 0.0 | 22.7 | 0.0 | 38.3 | 852.9 | 436.7 | 6.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1,356.7 | ||||||||||||
7 | Subordinated debt and equity instruments | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 133.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 133.4 | |||||||||||
8 | Retail | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 522.3 | 138.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 660.8 | |||||||||||
9 | Directly and indirectly secured real estate exposures | 0.0 | 7,948.3 | 16,462.5 | 6,025.2 | 8,584.8 | 1,995.5 | 376.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 41,392.6 | |||||||||||
of which: self-used residential real estate (GRRE) | 0.0 | 7,946.3 | 7,343.1 | 515.4 | 4.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 15,809.3 | ||||||||||||
of which: residential real estate (IPRRE) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 9,119.4 | 5,509.7 | 3,551.0 | 379.0 | 97.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 18,656.3 | ||||||||||||
of which: self-used commercial real estate (GCRE) | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 2,436.9 | 57.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2,496.7 | ||||||||||||
of which: commercial real estate (IPCRE) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2,592.5 | 1,558.8 | 279.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 4,430.3 | ||||||||||||
of which: construction loans and land | 0.0 | 35.4 | 87.3 | 14.1 | 63.7 | 402.3 | 368.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 971.4 | ||||||||||||
10 | Defaulted exposures | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 64.3 | 70.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 134.2 | |||||||||||
11 | Other exposures | 59.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 317.1 | 4.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 380.6 | |||||||||||
12 | Total | 9,767.1 | 9,316.9 | 16,563.8 | 6,592.4 | 11,071.5 | 3,915.5 | 584.8 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 57,812.0 |
Presentation of exposures and applied credit conversion factors according to risk weighting
a | b | c | d | |||||||
Amounts in millions Swiss francs risk weight | On-balance sheet exposure | Off-balance sheet exposure | Weighted average CCF | Total | ||||||
1 | Less than 40 percent | 35,294.7 | 3,546.1 | 11.34 % | 35,647.8 | |||||
2 | 40 to 70 percent | 13,352.2 | 3,690.1 | 9.70 % | 13,751.8 | |||||
3 | 75 percent | 1,443.8 | 3,645.0 | 9.80 % | 1,444.4 | |||||
4 | 85 percent | 3,036.8 | 3,592.3 | 14.81 % | 2,467.7 | |||||
5 | 90 to 100 percent | 3,507.3 | 3,789.2 | 16.76 % | 3,649.3 | |||||
6 | 105 to 130 percent | 252.0 | 263.0 | 5.59 % | 266.2 | |||||
7 | 150 percent | 462.9 | 268.3 | 12.72 % | 447.3 | |||||
8 | 250 percent | 137.5 | 0.0 | 0.00 % | 137.5 | |||||
9 | 400 percent | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.00 % | 0.0 | |||||
10 | 1250 percent | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.00 % | 0.0 | |||||
11 | Total | 57,487.1 | 18,793.9 | – | 57,812.0 |